The Bachelor of Science degree program with a major in zoology is for students who seek professional employment in animal biology, or who seek admission to graduate programs in animal biology or to health–related professional schools. The degree contains core courses in biology, chemistry, physics, calculus and statistics. Students will complete a concentration encompassing several branches of modern zoology while allowing focused study in any one of those fields. Concentration options include: animal behavior and neurobiology; cell and developmental biology; ecology, evolution and organismal biology; general zoology; genetics; marine biology; or zoo and aquarium science.

Requirements for the Bachelor of Science Degree in Zoology

1. The University requirements for bachelor's degrees as described in the Undergraduate Education section of this catalog; 120 credits, including general elective credits, are required for the Bachelor of Science degree in Zoology.
   
   The University's Tier II writing requirement for the Zoology major is met by completing both of the following courses:  Integrative Biology 355L and 445.  Those courses are referenced in item 3. below. These courses also fulfill requirements in concentrations below.
   
   Students who are enrolled in the College of Natural Science may complete the alternative track to Integrative Studies in Biological and Physical Sciences that is described in item 1. under the heading Graduation Requirements in the College statement.  Certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be used to satisfy the alternative track.
2. The requirements of the College of Natural Science for the Bachelor of Science degree.
   
   The credits earned in certain courses referenced in requirement 3. below may be counted toward College requirements as appropriate.
3. The following requirements for the major:

   a.	One of the following groups of courses (9 or 10 credits):
   	(1)	BS	161	Cell and Molecular Biology					3
   		BS	162	Organismal and Population Biology					3
   		BS	171	Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory					2
   		BS	172	Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory					2
   	(2)	BS	181H	Honors Cell and Molecular Biology					3
   		BS	182H	Honors Organismal and Population Biology					3
   		BS	191H	Honors Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory					2
   		BS	192H	Honors Organismal and Population Biology Laboratory					2
   	(3)	LB	144	Biology I:  Organismal Biology					4
   		LB	145	Biology II:  Cellular and Molecular  Biology					5
   b.	One of the following groups of courses (5 or 6 credits):
   	(1)	CEM	141	General Chemistry					4
   		CEM	161	Chemistry Laboratory I					1
   	(2)	CEM	181H	Honors Chemistry I					4
   		CEM	185H	Honors Chemistry Laboratory I					2
   	(3)	LB	171	Principles of Chemistry I					4
   		LB	171L	Introductory Chemistry Laboratory I					1
   c.	One course from each of the following groups (8 credits):
   	(1)	CEM	251	Organic Chemistry I					3
   		CEM	351	Organic Chemistry I					3
   	(2)	CEM	252	Organic Chemistry II					3
   		CEM	352	Organic Chemistry II					3
   	(3)	CEM	255	Organic Chemistry Laboratory					2
   		CEM	355	Organic Laboratory I					2
   d.	One of the following groups of courses (8 credits):
   	(1)	PHY	231	Introductory Physics I					3
   		PHY	232	Introductory Physics II					3
   		PHY	251	Introductory Physics Laboratory I					1
   		PHY	252	Introductory Physics Laboratory II					1
   	(2)	PHY	183	Physics for Scientists and Engineers I					4
   		PHY	184	Physics for Scientists and Engineers II					4
   	(3)	LB	273	Physics I					4
   		LB	274	Physics II					4
   	(4)	PHY	193H	Honors Physics I-Mechanics					4
   		PHY	294H	Honors Physics II-Electromagnetism					4
   e.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	LB	118	Calculus I						4
   	MTH	124	Survey of Calculus I						3
   	MTH	132	Calculus I						3
   	MTH	152H	Honors Calculus I						3
   f.	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   	LB	119	Calculus II						4
   	MTH	126	Survey of Calculus II						3
   	MTH	133	Calculus II						4
   	MTH	153H	Honors Calculus II						4
   	STT	201	Statistical Methods						4
   	STT	224	Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Ecologists						3
   	STT	231	Statistics for Scientists						3
   	STT	421	Statistics I						3
   g.	One of the following concentrations:
   	Animal Behavior and Neurobiology
   	(1)	All of the following courses (17 credits):
   		IBIO	313	Animal Behavior					3
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	415	Ecological Aspects of Animal Behavior (W)					3
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 credits):
   		IBIO	402	Neurobiology					3
   		IBIO	405	Neural Basis of Animal Behavior					3
   	(3)	One of the following courses (4 credits):
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology					4
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates					4
   	(4)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ANS	305	Applied Animal Behavior					3
   		ANS	405	Endocrinology of Reproduction					4
   		ANS	455	Avian Physiology					4
   		FW	364	Ecological Problem Solving					3
   		FW	419	Applications of Geographic Information Systems to Natural Resource Management					4
   		GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information					3
   			and
   		GEO	221L	Introduction to Geographic Information Laboratory					1
   		GEO	324	Remote Sensing of the Environment					4
   		GEO	325	Geographic Information Systems					3
   		IBIO	320	Developmental Biology					4
   		IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology (W)					4
   		LIN	463	Introduction to Cognitive Science					3
   		PSY	301	Cognitive Neuroscience					3
   		PSY	402	Sensation and Perception (W)					3
   		PSY	409	Psychobiology of Behavioral Development (W)					3
   		PSY	411	Hormones and Behavior (W)					3
   		PSY	413	Laboratory in Behavioral Neuroscience (W)					4
   		SOC	412	Animals, People and Nature					3
   		Both GEO 221 and 221L must be completed to satisfy this requirement.
   	(5)	Additional credits in 300-400 level Integrative Biology courses as needed to meet the requirement of at least 33 credits. Students may complete more than one course, or pair of courses, from items (2), (3) or (4). Additional courses completed from items (2), (3) or (4) may be counted as Zoology electives toward the 33 credits. Courses beyond those taken to satisfy items (1), (2), (3) or (4) may come from other departments with the approval of the student’s academic advisor.
   	Cell and Developmental Biology
   	(1)	All of the following courses (11 credits):
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (4 credits):
   		IBIO	320	Developmental Biology					4
   		IBIO	425	Cells and Development (W)					4
   	(3)	Eighteen credits from the following courses:
   		BMB	401	Comprehensive Biochemistry					4
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates					4
   		IBIO	343	Genetics Laboratory					3
   		IBIO	402	Neurobiology					3
   		IBIO	408	Histology					4
   		IBIO	450	Cancer Biology (W)					3
   		MMG	301	Introductory Microbiology					3
   		MMG	302	Introductory Laboratory for General and Allied Health Microbiology					1
   		MMG	404	Human Genetics					3
   		MMG	409	Eukaryotic Cell Biology					3
   		Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 461 and 462 combined, may be substituted for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 401. If Integrative Biology 320 and 425 are both completed in item (2), students only need to complete 14 credits in course work to fulfill this requirement.
   	Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology
   	(1)	All of the following courses (11 credits):
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (4 credits):
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology					4
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates					4
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		IBIO	313	Animal Behavior					3
   		IBIO	316	General Parasitology					3
   		IBIO	357	Global Change Biology (W)					3
   		IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology (W)					4
   		IBIO	485	Tropical Biology (W)					3
   	(4)	One of the following courses, or pair of courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		FW	419	Applications of Geographic Information Systems to Natural Resource Management					4
   		GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information					3
   			and
   		GEO	221L	Introduction Geographic Information Laboratory					1
   		GEO	324	Remote Sensing of the Environment					4
   		GEO	325	Geographic Information Systems					3
   		GLG	434	Evolutionary Paleobiology					4
   		IBIO	446	Environmental Issues and Public Policy					3
   		PLB	418	Plant Systematics					3
   		Both GEO 221 and 221L must be completed to satisfy this requirement.
   	(5)	Additional credits in 300-400 level Integrative Biology courses as needed to meet the requirement of at least 33 credits. Students may complete more than one course, or pair of courses, from items (2), (3), or (4). Additional courses completed from items (2), (3), or (4) may be counted as Integrative Biology electives toward the 33 credits. Courses beyond those taken to satisfy items (1), (2), (3), or (4) may come from other departments with the approval of the student’s academic advisor.
   	Genetics
   	(1)	All of the following courses (23 credits):
   		BMB	461	Advanced Biochemistry I					3
   		BMB	462	Advanced Biochemistry II					3
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	343	Genetics Laboratory					3
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   		MMG	431	Microbial Genetics					3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		BMB	472	Advanced Molecular Biology Laboratory					3
   		IBIO	425	Cells and Development (W)					4
   	(3)	A minimum of 4 credits completed in a genetics laboratory or field experience arranged in consultation with the student’s academic advisor.
   	(4)	Additional credits in 300-400 level Integrative Biology courses as needed to meet the requirement of at least 33 credits. Students may complete more than one course, or pair of courses, from items (2) and (3). Additional courses completed from items (2) and (3) may be counted as Integrative Biology electives toward the 33 credits. Courses beyond those taken to satisfy items (1), (2), and (3) may come from other departments with the approval of the student’s academic advisor.
   	General Zoology
   	(1)	All of the following courses (11 credits):
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   	(2)	One of the following courses (4 credits):
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology					4
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of  Vertebrates					4
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		IBIO	313	Animal Behavior					3
   		IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology (W)					4
   	(4)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		IBIO	320	Developmental Biology					4
   		IBIO	408	Histology					4
   		IBIO	425	Cells and Development (W)					4
   		MMG	409	Eukaryotic Cell Biology					3
   	(5)	A minimum of 4 laboratory courses at the 300-400 level selected from the following:
   		ANS	313	Principles of Animal Feeding and Nutrition					4
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology					4
   		IBIO	320	Developmental Biology					4
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates					4
   		IBIO	343	Genetics Laboratory					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	360	Biology of Birds					4
   		IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals					4
   		IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (W)					4
   		IBIO	408	Histology					4
   		IBIO	425	Cells and Development (W)					4
   		MMG	302	Introductory Laboratory for General and Allied Health Microbiology					1
   		Laboratory courses taken to satisfy items (1), (2), and (4) may also be applied to this requirement.
   	(6)	Additional credits in 300-400 level Integrative Biology courses as needed to meet the requirement of at least 33 credits. Students may complete more than one course, or pair of courses, from items (2), (3), and (4). Additional courses completed from items (2), (3) or (4) may be counted as Integrative Biology electives toward the 33 credits. Courses beyond those taken to satisfy items (1), (2), (3), (4) or (5) may come from other departments with the approval of the student’s academic advisor.
   	Marine Biology
   	(1)	All of the following courses (23 credits):
   		IBIO	303	Oceanography					4
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	353	Marine Biology (W)					4
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   		IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology (W)					4
   	(2)	One  course from each of the following groups of courses (7 or 8 credits):
   		(a)	FW	471	Ichthyology				4
   			IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology				4
   		(b)	BMB	401	Comprehensive Biochemistry				4
   			CEM	383	Introductory Physical Chemistry I				3
   			FW	416	Marine Ecosystem Management				3
   			FW	424	Population Analysis and Management				4
   			GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information				3
   				and
   			GEO	221L	Introduction Geographic Information Laboratory				1
   			GEO	324	Remote Sensing of the Environment				4
   			IBIO	357	Global Change Biology (W)				3
   			MMG	425	Microbial Ecology				3
   			Both GEO 221 and 221L must be completed to satisfy this requirement.
   	(3)	A minimum of at least 1 credit must be completed in an aquatic biology field experience. Through consultation with their academic advisor,  students may determine an appropriate aquatic biology field experience or choose one of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ENT	469	Biomonitoring of Streams and Rivers					3
   		FW	474	Field and Laboratory Techniques for Aquatic Studies					3
   		IBIO	440	Field Ecology and Evolution					4
   		PLB	424	Algal Biology					4
   		Courses not listed above must have the approval of the student’s academic advisor.
   	(4)	Additional credits in 300-400 level Integrative Biology courses as needed to meet the requirement of at least 33 credits. Students may complete more than one course, or pair of courses, from item (2). Additional courses completed from item (2) may be counted as Zoology electives toward the 33 credits. Courses beyond those taken to satisfy items (1), (2), or (3) may come from other departments with the approval of the student’s academic advisor.
   	Zoo and Aquarium Science
   	(1)	All of the following courses (30 credits):
   		IBIO	313	Animal Behavior					3
   		IBIO	328	Comparative Anatomy and Biology of Vertebrates					4
   		IBIO	341	Fundamental Genetics					4
   		IBIO	355	Ecology					3
   		IBIO	355L	Ecology Laboratory (W)					1
   		IBIO	368	Animal Biology and Conservation					3
   		IBIO	369	Introduction to Zoo and Aquarium Science					3
   		IBIO	445	Evolution (W)					3
   		IBIO	489	Seminar in Zoo and Aquarium Science					2
   		IBIO	498	Internship in Zoo and Aquarium Science					4
   	(2)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ENT	404	Fundamentals of Entomology					3
   		FW	471	Ichthyology					4
   		IBIO	360	Biology of Birds					4
   		IBIO	365	Biology of Mammals					4
   		IBIO	384	Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (W)					4
   	(3)	One of the following courses (3 or 4 credits):
   		ANS	313	Principles of Animal Feeding and Nutrition					4
   		ANS	314	Genetic Improvement of Domestic Animals					4
   		ANS	315	Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals					4
   		FW	444	Conservation Biology					3
   		FW	472	Limnology					3
   		IBIO	353	Marine Biology (W)					4
   	(4)	Two of the following courses (6 to 8 credits):
   		ANS	405	Endocrinology of Reproduction					4
   		ANS	455	Avian Physiology					4
   		FW	424	Population Analysis and Management					4
   		GEO	221	Introduction to Geographic Information					3
   		and
   		GEO	221L	Introduction Geographic Information Laboratory					1
   		GEO	324	Remote Sensing of the Environment					4
   		IBIO	303	Oceanography					4
   		IBIO	306	Invertebrate Biology					4
   		IBIO	483	Environmental Physiology (W)					4
   		IBIO	485	Tropical Biology (W)					3
   		SOC	412	Animals, People and Nature					3
   		Both GEO 221 and 221L must be completed to satisfy this requirement.
   	(5)	One additional course of at least 3 credits selected from a list of approved courses that is available from the Department of Integrative Biology.
   	(6)	Integrative Biology courses that are not listed above must be approved in advance by the student’s academic advisor. Courses offered by other departments may be substituted if approved in advance by the student’s academic advisor.